Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) refers to specific practices and procedures designed to safeguard employees from the unexpected startup of machinery or the release of hazardous energy during service or maintenance activities.
The Importance of LOTO
Hazardous energy can take many forms: electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, or thermal. If equipment is not properly isolated from these energy sources before maintenance begins, the sudden release can cause catastrophic injuries, amputations, or death.
The Difference Between Lockout and Tagout
Lockout: The placement of a physical lock on an energy-isolating device (like a circuit breaker or valve) to ensure the equipment cannot be operated until the lock is removed.
Tagout: The placement of a prominent warning tag on the energy-isolating device, indicating that the equipment is currently being serviced and must not be operated. A tagout device does not physically prevent the equipment from turning on, so it is generally only used when a lock cannot be applied.
Authorized vs. Affected Employees
LOTO training distinguishes between Authorized Employees (those who physically apply the locks and service the machines) and Affected Employees (those who operate the machines or work in the area). Both groups require distinct levels of documented safety training under OSHA regulations.
Standard LOTO Steps
Preparation: Identify all hazardous energy sources.
Shutdown: Turn off the equipment normally.
Isolation: Isolate the equipment from its energy sources.
Lockout/Tagout: Apply locks and tags to the isolating devices.
Stored Energy Check: Relieve, disconnect, or restrain any residual energy.
Verification: Verify that the equipment is truly isolated by attempting to start it.
Streamline Your LOTO Training
Ensure both Authorized and Affected employees receive regular, documented toolbox talks on Lockout/Tagout procedures.